std::type_index

 

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工具库

语言支持 类型支持（基本类型、 RTTI 、类型特征）     库功能特性测试宏 (C++20) 动态内存管理 程序工具 错误处理 协程支持 (C++20) 变参数函数 launder (C++17) initializer_list (C++11) source_location (C++20) 三路比较 (C++20) three_way_comparablethree_way_comparable_with (C++20)(C++20) strong_ordering (C++20) weak_ordering (C++20) partial_ordering (C++20) common_comparison_category (C++20) compare_three_way_result (C++20) compare_three_way (C++20) strong_order (C++20) weak_order (C++20) partial_order (C++20) compare_strong_order_fallback (C++20) compare_weak_order_fallback (C++20) compare_partial_order_fallback (C++20) is_eqis_neqis_ltis_lteqis_gtis_gteq (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)(C++20)

通用工具 日期和时间 函数对象 bitset 格式化库 (C++20) hash (C++11) integer_sequence (C++14) 关系运算符 (C++20 中弃用) rel_ops::operator!=rel_ops::operator> rel_ops::operator<=rel_ops::operator>= 整数比较函数 cmp_equalcmp_lesscmp_less_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) cmp_not_equalcmp_greatercmp_greater_than (C++20)(C++20)(C++20) in_range (C++20) swap 与类型运算 swap ranges::swap (C++20) exchange (C++14) declval (C++11) forward (C++11) move (C++11) move_if_noexcept (C++11) as_const (C++17) to_underlying (C++23) 常用词汇类型 pair tuple (C++11) optional (C++17) any (C++17) variant (C++17) tuple_size (C++11) tuple_element (C++11) apply (C++17) make_from_tuple (C++17) 初等字符串转换 to_chars (C++17) from_chars (C++17) chars_format (C++17) 栈踪 stacktrace_entry (C++23) basic_stacktrace (C++23)

 

类型支持

基本类型
基础类型
定宽整数类型 (C++11)
ptrdiff_t size_t max_align_t (C++11) byte (C++17)	nullptr_t (C++11) offsetof NULL
数值极限
numeric_limits
C 数值极限接口
运行时类型信息
type_info type_index (C++11)	bad_typeid bad_cast
类型特性
类型类别
is_void (C++11) is_null_pointer (C++14) is_array (C++11) is_pointer (C++11) is_enum (C++11) is_union (C++11) is_class (C++11) is_function (C++11)	is_object (C++11) is_scalar (C++11) is_compound (C++11) is_integral (C++11) is_floating_point (C++11) is_fundamental (C++11) is_arithmetic (C++11)
is_reference (C++11)
is_lvalue_reference (C++11)
is_rvalue_reference (C++11)
is_member_pointer (C++11)
is_member_object_pointer (C++11)
is_member_function_pointer (C++11)

类型属性
is_const (C++11) is_volatile (C++11) is_empty (C++11) is_polymorphic (C++11) is_final (C++14) is_abstract (C++11) is_aggregate (C++17) is_trivial (C++11)	is_trivially_copyable (C++11) is_standard_layout (C++11) is_literal_type (C++11)(C++20 前) is_pod (C++11)(C++20 中弃用) is_signed (C++11) is_unsigned (C++11) is_bounded_array (C++20) is_unbounded_array (C++20) is_scoped_enum (C++23)
has_unique_object_representations (C++17)
类型特性常量
integral_constantbool_constanttrue_typefalse_type (C++11)(C++17)(C++11)(C++11)
元函数
conjunction (C++17)
disjunction (C++17)
negation (C++17)
常量求值语境
is_constant_evaluated (C++20)

受支持操作
is_constructibleis_trivially_constructibleis_nothrow_constructible (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
is_default_constructibleis_trivially_default_constructibleis_nothrow_default_constructible (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
is_copy_constructibleis_trivially_copy_constructibleis_nothrow_copy_constructible (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
is_move_constructibleis_trivially_move_constructibleis_nothrow_move_constructible (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
is_assignableis_trivially_assignableis_nothrow_assignable (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
is_copy_assignableis_trivially_copy_assignableis_nothrow_copy_assignable (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
is_move_assignableis_trivially_move_assignableis_nothrow_move_assignable (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
is_destructibleis_trivially_destructibleis_nothrow_destructible (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)
has_virtual_destructor (C++11)
is_swappable_withis_swappableis_nothrow_swappable_withis_nothrow_swappable (C++17)(C++17)(C++17)(C++17)
关系与属性查询
is_same (C++11) is_base_of (C++11) is_convertibleis_nothrow_convertible (C++11)(C++20) is_layout_compatible (C++20) is_pointer_interconvertible_base_of (C++20) is_pointer_interconvertible_with_class (C++20) is_corresponding_member (C++20)	alignment_of (C++11) rank (C++11) extent (C++11) is_invocableis_invocable_ris_nothrow_invocableis_nothrow_invocable_r (C++17)(C++17)(C++17)(C++17)
类型修改
remove_cvremove_constremove_volatile (C++11)(C++11)(C++11) add_cvadd_constadd_volatile (C++11)(C++11)(C++11) make_signed (C++11) make_unsigned (C++11)	remove_reference (C++11) add_lvalue_referenceadd_rvalue_reference (C++11)(C++11) remove_pointer (C++11) add_pointer (C++11) remove_extent (C++11) remove_all_extents (C++11)
类型变换
aligned_storage (C++11) aligned_union (C++11) decay (C++11) remove_cvref (C++20) enable_if (C++11) void_t (C++17)	conditional (C++11) common_type (C++11) common_reference (C++20) underlying_type (C++11) result_ofinvoke_result (C++11)(C++20 前)(C++17) type_identity (C++20)

 

std::type_index

成员函数

type_index::type_index (C++11)

type_index::operator=type_index::operator!=type_index::operator<type_index::operator<=type_index::operator>type_index::operator>=type_index::operator<=> (C++11)(C++11)(C++20 前)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++11)(C++20)

type_index::hash_code (C++11)

type_index::name (C++11)

辅助类

hash<std::type_index> (C++11)

 

定义于头文件 <typeindex>
class type_index;		(C++11 起)

type_index 类是一个围绕 std::type_info 的包装类，它可用作关联与无序关联容器的索引。它与 type_info 对象的关系通过一个指针维系，故而 type_index 为可复制构造 (CopyConstructible) 且为可复制赋值 (CopyAssignable) 。

成员函数

(构造函数)	构造对象 (公开成员函数)
(析构函数) (隐式声明)	销毁 type_index 对象 (公开成员函数)
operator= (隐式声明)	对 type_index 对象赋值 (公开成员函数)
operator==operator!=operator<operator<=operator>operator>=operator<=> (C++20 中移除)(C++20)	比较底层 std::type_info 对象 (公开成员函数)
hash_code	返回哈希码 (公开成员函数)
name	返回关联到底层 type_info 对象的实现定义名称 (公开成员函数)

辅助类

std::hash<std::type_index> (C++11)

std::type_index 的散列支持 (类模板特化)

示例

下面的程序是一个有效的类型-值映射的示例。

运行此代码

#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <typeindex>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <string>
#include <memory>
 
struct A {
    virtual ~A() {}
};
 
struct B : A {};
struct C : A {};
 
int main()
{
    std::unordered_map<std::type_index, std::string> type_names;
 
    type_names[std::type_index(typeid(int))] = "int";
    type_names[std::type_index(typeid(double))] = "double";
    type_names[std::type_index(typeid(A))] = "A";
    type_names[std::type_index(typeid(B))] = "B";
    type_names[std::type_index(typeid(C))] = "C";
 
    int i;
    double d;
    A a;
 
    // 注意我们正在存储指向类型 A 的指针
    std::unique_ptr<A> b(new B);
    std::unique_ptr<A> c(new C);
 
    std::cout << "i is " << type_names[std::type_index(typeid(i))] << '\n';
    std::cout << "d is " << type_names[std::type_index(typeid(d))] << '\n';
    std::cout << "a is " << type_names[std::type_index(typeid(a))] << '\n';
    std::cout << "b is " << type_names[std::type_index(typeid(*b))] << '\n';
    std::cout << "c is " << type_names[std::type_index(typeid(*c))] << '\n';
}

输出：

i is int
d is double
a is A
b is B
c is C

参阅

type_info

含有某个类型的信息，由实现生成。 这是 typeid 运算符所返回的类。 (类)