标准库头文件 <mutex>

 

C++

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标准库头文件

自立与有宿主实现

具名要求

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诊断库

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字符串库

容器库

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范围库 (C++20)

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正则表达式库 (C++11)

原子操作库 (C++11)

线程支持库 (C++11)

技术规范

 

标准库头文件

语言支持
<cstddef> <cstdlib> <version> <limits> <climits>	<cfloat> <cstdint> <new> <typeinfo>	<source_location> <exception> <initializer_list>     <compare>	<coroutine> <csignal> <csetjmp> <cstdarg>
概念
<concepts>
诊断
<stdexcept>	<cassert>	<cerrno>	<system_error>
通用工具
<utility> <memory> <memory_resource> <scoped_allocator>	<bitset> <tuple> <optional> <any>	<variant> <type_traits> <ratio> <chrono>	<typeindex> <functional> <stacktrace> <ctime>
字符串
<string> <string_view> <cstring>	<charconv> <format>	<cctype> <cwctype>	<cwchar> <cuchar>
本地化
<locale>	<codecvt>	<clocale>
容器
<span> <array> <vector>	<deque> <forward_list> <list>	<map> <set> <queue>	<unordered_map> <unordered_set> <stack>
迭代器
<iterator>
范围
<ranges>
算法
<algorithm>	<execution>
数值
<complex> <random>	<valarray> <numeric>	<bit> <numbers>	<cfenv> <cmath>
输入/输出
<iosfwd> <ios> <iomanip> <streambuf>	<istream> <ostream> <iostream>	<sstream> <spanstream> <fstream> <syncstream>	<cstdio> <cinttypes> <strstream>
正则表达式
<regex>
文件系统
<filesystem>
线程支持
<thread> <atomic> <mutex>	<shared_mutex> <condition_variable>     <future>	<stop_token> <semaphore>	<latch> <barrier>
C 兼容
<ciso646> <cstdalign>	<cstdbool> <ccomplex>	<ctgmath> <stdatomic.h>

 

此头文件是线程支持库的一部分。

类
mutex (C++11)	提供基本互斥设施 (类)
timed_mutex (C++11)	提供互斥设施，实现有时限锁定 (类)
recursive_mutex (C++11)	提供能被同一线程递归锁定的互斥设施 (类)
recursive_timed_mutex (C++11)	提供能被同一线程递归锁定的互斥设施，并实现有时限锁定 (类)
lock_guard (C++11)	实现严格基于作用域的互斥体所有权包装器 (类模板)
unique_lock (C++11)	实现可移动的互斥体所有权包装器 (类模板)
scoped_lock (C++17)	用于多个互斥体的免死锁 RAII 封装器 (类模板)
defer_lock_ttry_to_lock_tadopt_lock_t (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	用于指定锁定策略的标签类型 (类)
once_flag (C++11)	确保 call_once 只调用函数一次的帮助对象 (类)
常量
defer_locktry_to_lockadopt_lock (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	用于指定锁定策略的标签常量 (常量)
函数
try_lock (C++11)	试图通过重复调用 try_lock 获得互斥体的所有权 (函数模板)
lock (C++11)	锁定指定的互斥体，若任何一个不可用则阻塞 (函数模板)
call_once (C++11)	仅调用函数一次，即使从多个线程调用 (函数模板)
std::swap(std::unique_lock) (C++11)	std::swap 对 unique_lock 的特化 (函数模板)

概要

namespace std {
  class mutex;
  class recursive_mutex;
  class timed_mutex;
  class recursive_timed_mutex;
 
  struct defer_lock_t { explicit defer_lock_t() = default; };
  struct try_to_lock_t { explicit try_to_lock_t() = default; };
  struct adopt_lock_t { explicit adopt_lock_t() = default; };
 
  inline constexpr defer_lock_t  defer_lock { };
  inline constexpr try_to_lock_t try_to_lock { };
  inline constexpr adopt_lock_t  adopt_lock { };
 
  template<class Mutex> class lock_guard;
  template<class... MutexTypes> class scoped_lock;
  template<class Mutex> class unique_lock;
 
  template<class Mutex>
    void swap(unique_lock<Mutex>& x, unique_lock<Mutex>& y) noexcept;
 
  template<class L1, class L2, class... L3> int try_lock(L1&, L2&, L3&...);
  template<class L1, class L2, class... L3> void lock(L1&, L2&, L3&...);
 
  struct once_flag;
 
  template<class Callable, class... Args>
    void call_once(once_flag& flag, Callable&& func, Args&&... args);
}

类 std::mutex

namespace std {
  class mutex {
  public:
    constexpr mutex() noexcept;
    ~mutex();
 
    mutex(const mutex&) = delete;
    mutex& operator=(const mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();
    bool try_lock();
    void unlock();
 
    using native_handle_type = /* 由实现定义 */;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
  };
}

类 std::recursive_mutex

namespace std {
  class recursive_mutex {
  public:
    recursive_mutex();
    ~recursive_mutex();
 
    recursive_mutex(const recursive_mutex&) = delete;
    recursive_mutex& operator=(const recursive_mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();
    bool try_lock() noexcept;
    void unlock();
 
    using native_handle_type = /* 由实现定义 */;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
  };
}

类 std::timed_mutex

namespace std {
  class timed_mutex {
  public:
    timed_mutex();
    ~timed_mutex();
 
    timed_mutex(const timed_mutex&) = delete;
    timed_mutex& operator=(const timed_mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();    // 阻塞
    bool try_lock();
    template<class Rep, class Period>
      bool try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    template<class Clock, class Duration>
      bool try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
    void unlock();
 
    using native_handle_type = /* 由实现定义 */;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
  };
}

类 std::recursive_timed_mutex

namespace std {
  class recursive_timed_mutex {
  public:
    recursive_timed_mutex();
    ~recursive_timed_mutex();
 
    recursive_timed_mutex(const recursive_timed_mutex&) = delete;
    recursive_timed_mutex& operator=(const recursive_timed_mutex&) = delete;
 
    void lock();    // 阻塞
    bool try_lock() noexcept;
    template<class Rep, class Period>
      bool try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    template<class Clock, class Duration>
      bool try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
    void unlock();
 
    using native_handle_type = /* 由实现定义 */;
    native_handle_type native_handle();
  };
}

类模板 std::lock_guard

namespace std {
  template<class Mutex>
  class lock_guard {
  public:
    using mutex_type = Mutex;
 
    explicit lock_guard(mutex_type& m);
    lock_guard(mutex_type& m, adopt_lock_t);
    ~lock_guard();
 
    lock_guard(const lock_guard&) = delete;
    lock_guard& operator=(const lock_guard&) = delete;
 
  private:
    mutex_type& pm;             // 仅用于阐释
  };
}

类模板 std::scoped_lock

namespace std {
  template<class... MutexTypes>
  class scoped_lock {
  public:
    using mutex_type = Mutex;   // 若 MutexTypes... 仅由单个类型 Mutex 组成
 
    explicit scoped_lock(MutexTypes&... m);
    explicit scoped_lock(adopt_lock_t, MutexTypes&... m);
    ~scoped_lock();
 
    scoped_lock(const scoped_lock&) = delete;
    scoped_lock& operator=(const scoped_lock&) = delete;
 
  private:
    tuple<MutexTypes&...> pm;   // 仅用于阐释
  };
}

类模板 std::unique_lock

namespace std {
  template<class Mutex>
  class unique_lock {
  public:
    using mutex_type = Mutex;
 
    // 构造/复制/销毁
    unique_lock() noexcept;
    explicit unique_lock(mutex_type& m);
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, defer_lock_t) noexcept;
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, try_to_lock_t);
    unique_lock(mutex_type& m, adopt_lock_t);
    template<class Clock, class Duration>
      unique_lock(mutex_type& m, const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
    template<class Rep, class Period>
      unique_lock(mutex_type& m, const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    ~unique_lock();
 
    unique_lock(const unique_lock&) = delete;
    unique_lock& operator=(const unique_lock&) = delete;
 
    unique_lock(unique_lock&& u) noexcept;
    unique_lock& operator=(unique_lock&& u);
 
    // 锁定
    void lock();
    bool try_lock();
 
    template<class Rep, class Period>
      bool try_lock_for(const chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
    template<class Clock, class Duration>
      bool try_lock_until(const chrono::time_point<Clock, Duration>& abs_time);
 
    void unlock();
 
    // 修改器
    void swap(unique_lock& u) noexcept;
    mutex_type* release() noexcept;
 
    // 观察器
    bool owns_lock() const noexcept;
    explicit operator bool () const noexcept;
    mutex_type* mutex() const noexcept;
 
  private:
    mutex_type* pm;             // 仅用于阐释
    bool owns;                  // 仅用于阐释
  };
 
  template<class Mutex>
    void swap(unique_lock<Mutex>& x, unique_lock<Mutex>& y) noexcept;
}

类 std::once_flag

struct once_flag {
    constexpr once_flag() noexcept;
    once_flag(const once_flag&) = delete;
    once_flag& operator=(const once_flag&) = delete;
};