标准库头文件 <algorithm>

此头文件是算法库的一部分。

包含
<initializer_list> (C++11)	std::initializer_list 类模板
类
定义于命名空间 `std::ranges`
返回类型
ranges::in_fun_result (C++20)	提供存储一个迭代器与一个函数对象为单个单元的方式 (类模板)
ranges::in_in_result (C++20)	提供存储二个迭代器为单个单元的方式 (类模板)
ranges::in_out_result (C++20)	提供存储二个迭代器为单个单元的方式 (类模板)
ranges::in_in_out_result (C++20)	提供存储三个迭代器为单个单元的方式 (类模板)
ranges::in_out_out_result (C++20)	提供存储三个迭代器为单个单元的方式 (类模板)
ranges::min_max_result (C++20)	提供存储二个同类型对象或引用为单个单元的方式 (类模板)
ranges::in_found_result (C++20)	提供存储一个迭代器与一个布尔标志为单个单元的方式 (类模板)
函数
不修改序列的操作
all_ofany_ofnone_of (C++11)(C++11)(C++11)	检查谓词是否对范围中所有、任一或无元素为 true (函数模板)
for_each	应用函数到范围中的元素 (函数模板)
for_each_n (C++17)	应用一个函数对象到序列的前 n 个元素 (函数模板)
countcount_if	返回满足指定判别标准的元素数 (函数模板)
mismatch	寻找两个范围出现不同的首个位置 (函数模板)
findfind_iffind_if_not (C++11)	寻找首个满足特定判别标准的元素 (函数模板)
find_end	在特定范围中寻找最后出现的元素序列 (函数模板)
find_first_of	搜索元素集合中的任意元素 (函数模板)
adjacent_find	查找首对相邻的相同（或满足给定谓词的）元素 (函数模板)
search	搜索一个元素范围 (函数模板)
search_n	在范围中搜索一定量的某个元素的连续副本 (函数模板)
修改序列的操作
copycopy_if (C++11)	将某一范围的元素复制到一个新的位置 (函数模板)
copy_n (C++11)	将一定数目的元素复制到一个新的位置 (函数模板)
copy_backward	按从后往前的顺序复制一个范围内的元素 (函数模板)
move (C++11)	将某一范围的元素移动到一个新的位置 (函数模板)
move_backward (C++11)	按从后往前的顺序移动某一范围的元素到新的位置 (函数模板)
fill	将一个给定值复制赋值给一个范围内的每个元素 (函数模板)
fill_n	将一个给定值复制赋值给一个范围内的 N 个元素 (函数模板)
transform	将一个函数应用于某一范围的各个元素，并在目标范围存储结果 (函数模板)
generate	将相继的函数调用结果赋值给一个范围中的每个元素 (函数模板)
generate_n	将相继的函数调用结果赋值给一个范围中的 N 个元素 (函数模板)
removeremove_if	移除满足特定判别标准的元素 (函数模板)
remove_copyremove_copy_if	复制一个范围的元素，忽略满足特定判别标准的元素 (函数模板)
replacereplace_if	将所有满足特定判别标准的值替换为另一个值 (函数模板)
replace_copyreplace_copy_if	复制一个范围内的元素，并将满足特定判别标准的元素替换为另一个值 (函数模板)
swap	交换两个对象的值 (函数模板)
swap_ranges	交换两个范围的元素 (函数模板)
iter_swap	交换两个迭代器所指向的元素 (函数模板)
reverse	逆转范围中的元素顺序 (函数模板)
reverse_copy	创建一个范围的逆向副本 (函数模板)
rotate	旋转范围中的元素顺序 (函数模板)
rotate_copy	复制并旋转元素范围 (函数模板)
shift_leftshift_right (C++20)	迁移范围中的元素 (函数模板)
random_shuffleshuffle (C++17 前)(C++11)	随机重排范围中的元素 (函数模板)
sample (C++17)	从一个序列中随机选择 n 个元素 (函数模板)
unique	移除范围内的连续重复元素 (函数模板)
unique_copy	创建某范围的不含连续重复元素的副本 (函数模板)
划分操作
is_partitioned (C++11)	判断范围是否已按给定的谓词划分 (函数模板)
partition	将范围中的元素分为两组 (函数模板)
partition_copy (C++11)	复制一个范围，将各元素分为两组 (函数模板)
stable_partition	将元素分为两组，同时保留其相对顺序 (函数模板)
partition_point (C++11)	定位已划分范围的划分点 (函数模板)
排序操作
is_sorted (C++11)	检查范围是否已按升序排列 (函数模板)
is_sorted_until (C++11)	找出最大的已排序子范围 (函数模板)
sort	将范围按升序排序 (函数模板)
partial_sort	排序一个范围的前 N 个元素 (函数模板)
partial_sort_copy	对范围内的元素进行复制并部分排序 (函数模板)
stable_sort	将范围内的元素排序，同时保持相等的元素之间的顺序 (函数模板)
nth_element	将给定的范围部分排序，确保其按给定元素划分 (函数模板)
（已排序范围上的）二分搜索操作
lower_bound	返回指向第一个不小于给定值的元素的迭代器 (函数模板)
upper_bound	返回指向第一个大于给定值的元素的迭代器 (函数模板)
binary_search	确定元素是否存在于某范围中 (函数模板)
equal_range	返回匹配特定键值的元素范围 (函数模板)
其他已排序范围上的操作
merge	归并两个已排序的范围 (函数模板)
inplace_merge	就地归并两个有序范围 (函数模板)
（已排序范围上的）集合操作
includes	若一个序列是另一个的子列则返回 true (函数模板)
set_difference	计算两个集合的差集 (函数模板)
set_intersection	计算两个集合的交集 (函数模板)
set_symmetric_difference	计算两个集合的对称差 (函数模板)
set_union	计算两个集合的并集 (函数模板)
堆操作
is_heap	检查给定范围是否为一个最大堆 (函数模板)
is_heap_until (C++11)	查找能成为最大堆的最大子范围 (函数模板)
make_heap	从一个元素范围创建出一个最大堆 (函数模板)
push_heap	将一个元素加入到一个最大堆 (函数模板)
pop_heap	从最大堆中移除最大元素 (函数模板)
sort_heap	将一个最大堆变成一个按升序排序的元素范围 (函数模板)
最小/最大操作
max	返回各给定值中的较大者 (函数模板)
max_element	返回范围内的最大元素 (函数模板)
min	返回各给定值中的较小者 (函数模板)
min_element	返回范围内的最小元素 (函数模板)
minmax (C++11)	返回两个元素的较小和较大者 (函数模板)
minmax_element (C++11)	返回范围内的最小元素和最大元素 (函数模板)
clamp (C++17)	在一对边界值间夹逼一个值 (函数模板)
比较操作
equal	确定两个元素集合是否是相同的 (函数模板)
lexicographical_compare	当一个范围按字典顺序小于另一个范围时，返回 true (函数模板)
lexicographical_compare_three_way (C++20)	用三路比较比较两个范围 (函数模板)
排列操作
is_permutation (C++11)	判断一个序列是否为另一个序列的排列 (函数模板)
next_permutation	产生某个元素范围的按字典顺序的下一个较大的排列 (函数模板)
prev_permutation	产生某个元素范围的按字典顺序的下一个较小的排列 (函数模板)
仿函数实体
定义于命名空间 `std::ranges`
不修改序列的操作
ranges::all_ofranges::any_ofranges::none_of (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)	检查谓词是否对范围中所有、任一或无元素为 true (niebloid)
ranges::for_each (C++20)	应用函数到范围中的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::for_each_n (C++20)	应用函数对象到序列的首 n 个元素 (niebloid)
ranges::countranges::count_if (C++20)(C++20)	返回满足指定判别标准的元素数 (niebloid)
ranges::mismatch (C++20)	寻找两个范围出现不同的首个位置 (niebloid)
ranges::findranges::find_ifranges::find_if_not (C++20)(C++20)(C++20)	寻找首个满足特定判别标准的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::find_end (C++20)	在特定范围中寻找最后出现的元素序列 (niebloid)
ranges::find_first_of (C++20)	搜索元素集合中的任一元素 (niebloid)
ranges::adjacent_find (C++20)	查找首对相邻的相同（或满足给定谓词的）元素 (niebloid)
ranges::search (C++20)	搜索一个元素范围 (niebloid)
ranges::search_n (C++20)	在范围中搜索一定量的某个元素的连续副本 (niebloid)
ranges::starts_with (C++23)	检查一个范围是否始于另一范围 (niebloid)
ranges::ends_with (C++23)	检查一个范围是否终于另一范围 (niebloid)
修改序列的操作
ranges::copyranges::copy_if (C++20)(C++20)	将某一范围的元素复制到一个新的位置 (niebloid)
ranges::copy_n (C++20)	将一定数目的元素复制到一个新的位置 (niebloid)
ranges::copy_backward (C++20)	按从后往前的顺序复制一个范围内的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::move (C++20)	将某一范围的元素移动到一个新的位置 (niebloid)
ranges::move_backword (C++20)	按从后往前的顺序移动某一范围的元素到新的位置 (niebloid)
ranges::fill (C++20)	将一个给定值复制赋值给一个范围内的每个元素 (niebloid)
ranges::fill_n (C++20)	将一个值复制赋值给一定量的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::transform (C++20)	将一个函数应用于某一范围的各个元素 (niebloid)
ranges::generate (C++20)	保存函数结果到一个范围中 (niebloid)
ranges::generate_n (C++20)	保存 N 次函数应用的结果 (niebloid)
ranges::removeranges::remove_if (C++20)(C++20)	移除满足特定判别标准的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::remove_copyranges::remove_copy_if (C++20)(C++20)	复制一个范围的元素，忽略满足特定判别标准的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::replaceranges::replace_if (C++20)(C++20)	将所有满足特定判别标准的值替换为另一个值 (niebloid)
ranges::replace_copyranges::replace_copy_if (C++20)(C++20)	复制一个范围内的元素，并将满足特定判别标准的元素替换为另一个值 (niebloid)
ranges::swap_ranges (C++20)	交换两个范围的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::reverse (C++20)	逆转范围中的元素顺序 (niebloid)
ranges::revserse_copy (C++20)	创建一个范围的逆向副本 (niebloid)
ranges::rotate (C++20)	旋转范围中的元素顺序 (niebloid)
ranges::rotate_copy (C++20)	复制并旋转元素范围 (niebloid)
ranges::sample (C++20)	从序列中随机选择 n 个元素 (niebloid)
ranges::shuffle (C++20)	随机重排范围中的元素 (niebloid)
ranges::unique (C++20)	移除范围中的连续重复元素 (niebloid)
ranges::unique_copy (C++20)	创建某范围的不含连续重复元素的副本 (niebloid)
划分操作
ranges::is_partitioned (C++20)	判断范围是否已按给定的谓词划分 (niebloid)
ranges::partition (C++20)	将范围中的元素分为二组 (niebloid)
ranges::partition_copy (C++20)	复制一个范围，将各元素分为二组 (niebloid)
ranges::stable_partition (C++20)	将元素分成二组，同时保持其相对顺序 (niebloid)
ranges::partition_point (C++20)	定位已划分范围的划分点 (niebloid)
排序操作
ranges::is_sorted (C++20)	检查范围是否以升序排序 (niebloid)
ranges::is_sorted_until (C++20)	寻找最大的已排序子范围 (niebloid)
ranges::sort (C++20)	将范围按升序排序 (niebloid)
ranges::partial_sort (C++20)	排序一个范围的前 N 个元素 (niebloid)
ranges::partial_sort_copy (C++20)	对范围内的元素进行复制并部分排序 (niebloid)
ranges::stable_sort (C++20)	将范围内的元素排序，同时保持相等的元素之间的顺序 (niebloid)
ranges::nth_element (C++20)	将给定的范围部分排序，确保其按给定元素划分 (niebloid)
（已排序范围上的）集合操作
ranges::lower_bound (C++20)	返回指向首个不小于给定值的元素的迭代器 (niebloid)
ranges::upper_bound (C++20)	返回指向首个大于某值的元素的迭代器 (niebloid)
ranges::binary_search (C++20)	确定元素是否存在于某范围中 (niebloid)
ranges::equal_ranges (C++20)	返回匹配特定值的元素范围 (niebloid)
其他已排序范围上的操作
ranges::merge (C++20)	归并二个已排序范围 (niebloid)
ranges::inplace_merge (C++20)	在原位归并两个有序范围 (niebloid)
（已排序范围上的）集合操作
ranges::includes (C++20)	若一个序列是另一个的子列则返回 `true` (niebloid)
ranges::set_difference (C++20)	计算两个集合的差集 (niebloid)
ranges::set_intersection (C++20)	计算两个集合的交集 (niebloid)
ranges::set_symmetric_difference (C++20)	计算两个集合的对称差 (niebloid)
ranges::set_union (C++20)	计算两个集合的并集 (niebloid)
堆操作
ranges::is_heap (C++20)	检查给定范围是否为最大堆 (niebloid)
ranges::is_heap_until (C++20)	寻找能成为最大堆的最大子范围 (niebloid)
ranges::make_heap (C++20)	从一个元素范围创建出一个最大堆 (niebloid)
ranges::push_heap (C++20)	将一个元素加入到一个最大堆 (niebloid)
ranges::pop_heap (C++20)	从最大堆中移除最大元素 (niebloid)
ranges::sort_heap (C++20)	将一个最大堆变成一个按升序排序的元素范围 (niebloid)
最小/最大操作
ranges::max (C++20)	返回给定值的较大者 (niebloid)
ranges::max_element (C++20)	返回范围中的最大元素 (niebloid)
ranges::min (C++20)	返回给定值的较小者 (niebloid)
ranges::min_element (C++20)	返回范围中的最小元素 (niebloid)
ranges::minmax (C++20)	返回两个元素的较小和较大者 (niebloid)
ranges::minmax_element (C++20)	返回范围中的最小和最大元素 (niebloid)
ranges::clamp (C++20)	在一对边界值间夹一个值 (niebloid)
比较操作
ranges::equal (C++20)	确定两个元素集合是否是相同的 (niebloid)
ranges::lexicographical_compare (C++20)	当一个范围按字典顺序小于另一个范围时，返回 true (niebloid)
排列操作
ranges::is_permutation (C++20)	确定一个序列是否为另一序列的重排 (niebloid)
ranges::next_permutation (C++20)	产生某个元素范围的按字典序下一个较大的排列 (niebloid)

概要

#include <initializer_list>
 
namespace std {
  namespace ranges {
    // 算法结果类型
    template<class I, class F> struct in_fun_result;
    template<class I1, class I2> struct in_in_result;
    template<class I, class O> struct in_out_result;
    template<class I1, class I2, class O> struct in_in_out_result;
    template<class I, class O1, class O2> struct in_out_out_result;
    template<class T> struct min_max_result;
    template<class I> struct in_found_result;
  }
 
  // 不修改序列的操作
  // 全部
  template<class InputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr bool all_of(InputIter first, InputIter last, Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    bool all_of(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool all_of(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool all_of(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 任何
  template<class InputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr bool any_of(InputIter first, InputIter last, Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    bool any_of(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool any_of(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool any_of(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 无一
  template<class InputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr bool none_of(InputIter first, InputIter last, Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    bool none_of(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                 ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool none_of(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool none_of(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 对每个
  template<class InputIter, class Function>
    constexpr Function for_each(InputIter first, InputIter last, Function f);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Function>
    void for_each(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Function f);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class F>
      using for_each_result = in_fun_result<I, F>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirectly_unary_invocable<projected<I, Proj>> Fun>
      constexpr for_each_result<I, Fun>
        for_each(I first, S last, Fun f, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirectly_unary_invocable<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Fun>
      constexpr for_each_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, Fun>
        for_each(R&& r, Fun f, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class Size, class Function>
    constexpr InputIter for_each_n(InputIter first, Size n, Function f);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Size, class Function>
    ForwardIter for_each_n(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                               ForwardIter first, Size n, Function f);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class F>
      using for_each_n_result = in_fun_result<I, F>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, class Proj = identity,
             indirectly_unary_invocable<projected<I, Proj>> Fun>
      constexpr for_each_n_result<I, Fun>
        for_each_n(I first, iter_difference_t<I> n, Fun f, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 寻找
  template<class InputIter, class T>
    constexpr InputIter find(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                 const T& value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class T>
    ForwardIter find(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                         ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                         const T& value);
  template<class InputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr InputIter find_if(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                    Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    ForwardIter find_if(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                            ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                            Pred pred);
  template<class InputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr InputIter find_if_not(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                        Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    ForwardIter find_if_not(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, projected<I, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr I find(I first, S last, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class T, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to,
                                         projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        find(R&& r, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr I find_if(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        find_if(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr I find_if_not(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        find_if_not(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 寻找末尾
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    constexpr ForwardIter1
      find_end(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr ForwardIter1
      find_end(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
               BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter1
      find_end(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1,
           class ForwardIter2, class BinaryPred>
    ForwardIter1
      find_end(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
               BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, forward_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr subrange<I1>
        find_end(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<forward_range R1, forward_range R2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R1>
        find_end(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 寻找首个
  template<class InputIter, class ForwardIter>
    constexpr InputIter
      find_first_of(InputIter first1, InputIter last1,
                    ForwardIter first2, ForwardIter last2);
  template<class InputIter, class ForwardIter, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr InputIter
      find_first_of(InputIter first1, InputIter last1,
                    ForwardIter first2, ForwardIter last2,
                    BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter1
      find_first_of(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                    ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                    ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1,
           class ForwardIter2, class BinaryPred>
    ForwardIter1
      find_first_of(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                    ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                    ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                    BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, forward_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr I1 find_first_of(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
                                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, forward_range R2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R1>
        find_first_of(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
                      Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 寻找毗邻
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      adjacent_find(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ForwardIter, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      adjacent_find(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                    BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      adjacent_find(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                    ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class BinaryPred>
    ForwardIter
      adjacent_find(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                    ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                    BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_binary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>,
                                       projected<I, Proj>> Pred = ranges::equal_to>
      constexpr I adjacent_find(I first, S last, Pred pred = {},
                                Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_binary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>,
                                       projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred = ranges::equal_to>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        adjacent_find(R&& r, Pred pred = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 计数
  template<class InputIter, class T>
    constexpr typename iterator_traits<InputIter>::difference_type
      count(InputIter first, InputIter last, const T& value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class T>
    typename iterator_traits<ForwardIter>::difference_type
      count(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
            ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, const T& value);
  template<class InputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr typename iterator_traits<InputIter>::difference_type
      count_if(InputIter first, InputIter last, Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    typename iterator_traits<ForwardIter>::difference_type
      count_if(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, projected<I, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr iter_difference_t<I>
        count(I first, S last, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class T, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to,
                                         projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr range_difference_t<R>
        count(R&& r, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr iter_difference_t<I>
        count_if(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr range_difference_t<R>
        count_if(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 不匹配
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2>
    constexpr pair<InputIter1, InputIter2>
      mismatch(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
               InputIter2 first2);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr pair<InputIter1, InputIter2>
      mismatch(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
               InputIter2 first2, BinaryPred pred);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2>
    constexpr pair<InputIter1, InputIter2>
      mismatch(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
               InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr pair<InputIter1, InputIter2>
      mismatch(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
               InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
               BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    pair<ForwardIter1, ForwardIter2>
      mismatch(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class BinaryPred>
    pair<ForwardIter1, ForwardIter2>
      mismatch(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    pair<ForwardIter1, ForwardIter2>
      mismatch(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class BinaryPred>
    pair<ForwardIter1, ForwardIter2>
      mismatch(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
               BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2>
      using mismatch_result = in_in_result<I1, I2>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr mismatch_result<I1, I2>
        mismatch(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr mismatch_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, borrowed_iterator_t<R2>>
        mismatch(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 相等
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2>
    constexpr bool equal(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                         InputIter2 first2);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr bool equal(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                         InputIter2 first2, BinaryPred pred);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2>
    constexpr bool equal(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                         InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr bool equal(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                         InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                         BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    bool equal(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class BinaryPred>
    bool equal(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    bool equal(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class BinaryPred>
    bool equal(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
               BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr bool equal(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,
                           Pred pred = {},
                           Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr bool equal(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
                           Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 为排列
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    constexpr bool is_permutation(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                                  ForwardIter2 first2);
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr bool is_permutation(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                                  ForwardIter2 first2, BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    constexpr bool is_permutation(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                                  ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr bool is_permutation(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                                  ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                                  BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, forward_iterator I2,
             sentinel_for<I2> S2, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity,
             indirect_equivalence_relation<projected<I1, Proj1>,
                                           projected<I2, Proj2>> Pred = ranges::equal_to>
      constexpr bool is_permutation(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,
                                    Pred pred = {},
                                    Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<forward_range R1, forward_range R2,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity,
             indirect_equivalence_relation<projected<iterator_t<R1>, Proj1>,
                                           projected<iterator_t<R2>, Proj2>>
               Pred = ranges::equal_to>
      constexpr bool is_permutation(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
                                    Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 搜索
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    constexpr ForwardIter1
      search(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
             ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr ForwardIter1
      search(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
             ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
             BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter1
      search(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
             ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
             ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class BinaryPred>
    ForwardIter1
      search(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
             ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
             ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
             BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, forward_iterator I2,
             sentinel_for<I2> S2, class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr subrange<I1>
        search(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
               Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<forward_range R1, forward_range R2, class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R1>
        search(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
               Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class Size, class T>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      search_n(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
               Size count, const T& value);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Size, class T, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      search_n(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
               Size count, const T& value, BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Size, class T>
    ForwardIter
      search_n(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
               Size count, const T& value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Size, class T,
           class BinaryPred>
    ForwardIter
      search_n(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
               ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
               Size count, const T& value,
               BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<I, const T*, Pred, Proj>
      constexpr subrange<I>
        search_n(I first, S last, iter_difference_t<I> count,
                 const T& value, Pred pred = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class T, class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R>, const T*, Pred, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R>
        search_n(R&& r, range_difference_t<R> count,
                 const T& value, Pred pred = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class Searcher>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      search(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, const Searcher& searcher);
 
  namespace ranges {
    // 始于
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr bool starts_with(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
                                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr bool starts_with(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
                                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
 
    // 终于
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Pred = ranges::equal_to, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires (forward_iterator<I1> || sized_sentinel_for<S1, I1>) &&
               (forward_iterator<I2> || sized_sentinel_for<S2, I2>) &&
               indirectly_comparable<I1, I2, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr bool ends_with(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Pred pred = {},
                               Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, class Pred = ranges::equal_to,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires (forward_range<R1> || sized_range<R1>) &&
               (forward_range<R2> || sized_range<R2>) &&
               indirectly_comparable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, Pred, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr bool ends_with(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Pred pred = {},
                               Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 修改序列的操作
  // 复制
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                  OutputIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter2 copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                          ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                          ForwardIter2 result);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using copy_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O>
      constexpr copy_result<I, O>
        copy(I first, S last, O result);
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O>
      constexpr copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        copy(R&& r, O result);
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class Size, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter copy_n(InputIter first, Size n,
                                    OutputIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class Size,
           class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter2 copy_n(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                            ForwardIter1 first, Size n,
                            ForwardIter2 result);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using copy_n_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O>
      constexpr copy_n_result<I, O>
        copy_n(I first, iter_difference_t<I> n, O result);
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr OutputIter copy_if(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                     OutputIter result, Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class Pred>
    ForwardIter2 copy_if(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                             ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                             ForwardIter2 result, Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using copy_if_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O>
      constexpr copy_if_result<I, O>
        copy_if(I first, S last, O result, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O>
      constexpr copy_if_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        copy_if(R&& r, O result, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class BidirectionalIter1, class BidirectionalIter2>
    constexpr BidirectionalIter2
      copy_backward(BidirectionalIter1 first, BidirectionalIter1 last,
                    BidirectionalIter2 result);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2>
      using copy_backward_result = in_out_result<I1, I2>;
 
    template<bidirectional_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, bidirectional_iterator I2>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I1, I2>
      constexpr copy_backward_result<I1, I2>
        copy_backward(I1 first, S1 last, I2 result);
    template<bidirectional_range R, bidirectional_iterator I>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, I>
      constexpr copy_backward_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, I>
        copy_backward(R&& r, I result);
  }
 
  // 移动
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter move(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                  OutputIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1,
           class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter2 move(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                          ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                          ForwardIter2 result);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using move_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_movable<I, O>
      constexpr move_result<I, O>
        move(I first, S last, O result);
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_movable<iterator_t<R>, O>
      constexpr move_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        move(R&& r, O result);
  }
 
  template<class BidirectionalIter1, class BidirectionalIter2>
    constexpr BidirectionalIter2
      move_backward(BidirectionalIter1 first, BidirectionalIter1 last,
                    BidirectionalIter2 result);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2>
      using move_backward_result = in_out_result<I1, I2>;
 
    template<bidirectional_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, bidirectional_iterator I2>
      requires indirectly_movable<I1, I2>
      constexpr move_backward_result<I1, I2>
        move_backward(I1 first, S1 last, I2 result);
    template<bidirectional_range R, bidirectional_iterator I>
      requires indirectly_movable<iterator_t<R>, I>
      constexpr move_backward_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, I>
        move_backward(R&& r, I result);
  }
 
  // 交换
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    constexpr ForwardIter2 swap_ranges(ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                                           ForwardIter2 first2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter2 swap_ranges(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                 ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                                 ForwardIter2 first2);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2>
      using swap_ranges_result = in_in_result<I1, I2>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2>
      requires indirectly_swappable<I1, I2>
      constexpr swap_ranges_result<I1, I2>
        swap_ranges(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2);
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2>
      requires indirectly_swappable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>>
      constexpr swap_ranges_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, borrowed_iterator_t<R2>>
        swap_ranges(R1&& r1, R2&& r2);
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    constexpr void iter_swap(ForwardIter1 a, ForwardIter2 b);
 
  // 变换
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter, class UnaryOperation>
    constexpr OutputIter
      transform(InputIter first1, InputIter last1,
                OutputIter result, UnaryOperation op);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter,
           class BinaryOperation>
    constexpr OutputIter
      transform(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                InputIter2 first2, OutputIter result,
                BinaryOperation binary_op);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class UnaryOperation>
    ForwardIter2
      transform(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                ForwardIter2 result, UnaryOperation op);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter, class BinaryOperation>
    ForwardIter
      transform(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter result,
                BinaryOperation binary_op);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using unary_transform_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O,
             copy_constructible F, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_writable<O, indirect_result_t<F&, projected<I, Proj>>>
      constexpr unary_transform_result<I, O>
        transform(I first1, S last1, O result, F op, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O, copy_constructible F,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_writable<O, indirect_result_t<F&, projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>>>
      constexpr unary_transform_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        transform(R&& r, O result, F op, Proj proj = {});
 
    template<class I1, class I2, class O>
      using binary_transform_result = in_in_out_result<I1, I2, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             weakly_incrementable O, copy_constructible F, class Proj1 = identity,
             class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_writable<O, indirect_result_t<F&, projected<I1, Proj1>,
                                             projected<I2, Proj2>>>
      constexpr binary_transform_result<I1, I2, O>
        transform(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, O result,
                  F binary_op, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, weakly_incrementable O,
             copy_constructible F, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_writable<O, indirect_result_t<F&, projected<iterator_t<R1>, Proj1>,
                                             projected<iterator_t<R2>, Proj2>>>
      constexpr binary_transform_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, borrowed_iterator_t<R2>, O>
        transform(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, O result,
                  F binary_op, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 替换
  template<class ForwardIter, class T>
    constexpr void replace(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                           const T& old_value, const T& new_value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class T>
    void replace(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                 ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                 const T& old_value, const T& new_value);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Pred, class T>
    constexpr void replace_if(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                              Pred pred, const T& new_value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred, class T>
    void replace_if(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                    ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                    Pred pred, const T& new_value);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T1, class T2, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_writable<I, const T2&> &&
               indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, projected<I, Proj>, const T1*>
      constexpr I
        replace(I first, S last, const T1& old_value, const T2& new_value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class T1, class T2, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_writable<iterator_t<R>, const T2&> &&
               indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to,
                                         projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T1*>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        replace(R&& r, const T1& old_value, const T2& new_value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_writable<I, const T&>
      constexpr I replace_if(I first, S last, Pred pred, const T& new_value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_writable<iterator_t<R>, const T&>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        replace_if(R&& r, Pred pred, const T& new_value, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter, class T>
    constexpr OutputIter replace_copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                          OutputIter result,
                                          const T& old_value, const T& new_value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2, class T>
    ForwardIter2 replace_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                  ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                                  ForwardIter2 result,
                                  const T& old_value, const T& new_value);
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter, class Pred, class T>
    constexpr OutputIter replace_copy_if(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                                             OutputIter result,
                                             Pred pred, const T& new_value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class Pred, class T>
    ForwardIter2 replace_copy_if(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                     ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                                     ForwardIter2 result,
                                     Pred pred, const T& new_value);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using replace_copy_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T1, class T2,
             output_iterator<const T2&> O, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O> &&
               indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, projected<I, Proj>, const T1*>
      constexpr replace_copy_result<I, O>
        replace_copy(I first, S last, O result, const T1& old_value, const T2& new_value,
                     Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class T1, class T2, output_iterator<const T2&> O,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O> &&
               indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to,
                                         projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T1*>
      constexpr replace_copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        replace_copy(R&& r, O result, const T1& old_value, const T2& new_value,
                     Proj proj = {});
 
    template<class I, class O>
      using replace_copy_if_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, output_iterator<const T&> O,
             class Proj = identity, indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O>
      constexpr replace_copy_if_result<I, O>
        replace_copy_if(I first, S last, O result, Pred pred, const T& new_value,
                        Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class T, output_iterator<const T&> O, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O>
      constexpr replace_copy_if_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        replace_copy_if(R&& r, O result, Pred pred, const T& new_value,
                        Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 填充
  template<class ForwardIter, class T>
    constexpr void fill(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, const T& value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class T>
    void fill(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
              ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, const T& value);
  template<class OutputIter, class Size, class T>
    constexpr OutputIter fill_n(OutputIter first, Size n, const T& value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter,
           class Size, class T>
    ForwardIter fill_n(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                           ForwardIter first, Size n, const T& value);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class T, output_iterator<const T&> O, sentinel_for<O> S>
      constexpr O fill(O first, S last, const T& value);
    template<class T, output_range<const T&> R>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R> fill(R&& r, const T& value);
    template<class T, output_iterator<const T&> O>
      constexpr O fill_n(O first, iter_difference_t<O> n, const T& value);
  }
 
  // 生成
  template<class ForwardIter, class Generator>
    constexpr void generate(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                            Generator gen);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Generator>
    void generate(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  Generator gen);
  template<class OutputIter, class Size, class Generator>
    constexpr OutputIter generate_n(OutputIter first, Size n, Generator gen);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Size, class Generator>
    ForwardIter generate_n(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                               ForwardIter first, Size n, Generator gen);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_or_output_iterator O, sentinel_for<O> S, copy_constructible F>
      requires invocable<F&> && indirectly_writable<O, invoke_result_t<F&>>
      constexpr O generate(O first, S last, F gen);
    template<class R, copy_constructible F>
      requires invocable<F&> && output_range<R, invoke_result_t<F&>>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R> generate(R&& r, F gen);
    template<input_or_output_iterator O, copy_constructible F>
      requires invocable<F&> && indirectly_writable<O, invoke_result_t<F&>>
      constexpr O generate_n(O first, iter_difference_t<O> n, F gen);
  }
 
  // 移除
  template<class ForwardIter, class T>
    constexpr ForwardIter remove(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                     const T& value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class T>
    ForwardIter remove(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                           ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                           const T& value);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    constexpr ForwardIter remove_if(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                        Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    ForwardIter remove_if(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                              ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                              Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<permutable I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, projected<I, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr subrange<I> remove(I first, S last, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class T, class Proj = identity>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>> &&
               indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to,
                                         projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R>
        remove(R&& r, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
    template<permutable I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr subrange<I> remove_if(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R>
        remove_if(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter, class T>
    constexpr OutputIter
      remove_copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                  OutputIter result, const T& value);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class T>
    ForwardIter2
      remove_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                  ForwardIter2 result, const T& value);
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr OutputIter
      remove_copy_if(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                     OutputIter result, Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class Pred>
    ForwardIter2
      remove_copy_if(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                     ForwardIter2 result, Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using remove_copy_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O, class T,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O> &&
               indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to, projected<I, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr remove_copy_result<I, O>
        remove_copy(I first, S last, O result, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O, class T, class Proj = identity>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O> &&
               indirect_binary_predicate<ranges::equal_to,
                                         projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>, const T*>
      constexpr remove_copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        remove_copy(R&& r, O result, const T& value, Proj proj = {});
 
    template<class I, class O>
      using remove_copy_if_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O,
             class Proj = identity, indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O>
      constexpr remove_copy_if_result<I, O>
        remove_copy_if(I first, S last, O result, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O>
      constexpr remove_copy_if_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        remove_copy_if(R&& r, O result, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 归一
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter unique(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ForwardIter, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr ForwardIter unique(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                     BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter unique(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                           ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class BinaryPred>
    ForwardIter unique(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                           ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                           BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<permutable I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_equivalence_relation<projected<I, Proj>> C = ranges::equal_to>
      constexpr subrange<I> unique(I first, S last, C comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_equivalence_relation<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> C = ranges::equal_to>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R>
        unique(R&& r, C comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      unique_copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                  OutputIter result);
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter, class BinaryPred>
    constexpr OutputIter
      unique_copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                  OutputIter result, BinaryPred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter2
      unique_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                  ForwardIter2 result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class BinaryPred>
    ForwardIter2
      unique_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 last,
                  ForwardIter2 result, BinaryPred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using unique_copy_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_equivalence_relation<projected<I, Proj>> C = ranges::equal_to>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O> &&
               (forward_iterator<I> ||
                (input_iterator<O> && same_as<iter_value_t<I>, iter_value_t<O>>) ||
                indirectly_copyable_storable<I, O>)
      constexpr unique_copy_result<I, O>
        unique_copy(I first, S last, O result, C comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_equivalence_relation<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> C = ranges::equal_to>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O> &&
               (forward_iterator<iterator_t<R>> ||
                (input_iterator<O> && same_as<range_value_t<R>, iter_value_t<O>>) ||
                indirectly_copyable_storable<iterator_t<R>, O>)
      constexpr unique_copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        unique_copy(R&& r, O result, C comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 逆转
  template<class BidirectionalIter>
    constexpr void reverse(BidirectionalIter first, BidirectionalIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class BidirectionalIter>
    void reverse(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                 BidirectionalIter first, BidirectionalIter last);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<bidirectional_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S>
      requires permutable<I>
      constexpr I reverse(I first, S last);
    template<bidirectional_range R>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R> reverse(R&& r);
  }
 
  template<class BidirectionalIter, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      reverse_copy(BidirectionalIter first, BidirectionalIter last,
                   OutputIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class BidirectionalIter, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      reverse_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                   BidirectionalIter first, BidirectionalIter last,
                   ForwardIter result);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using reverse_copy_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<bidirectional_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O>
      constexpr reverse_copy_result<I, O>
        reverse_copy(I first, S last, O result);
    template<bidirectional_range R, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O>
      constexpr reverse_copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        reverse_copy(R&& r, O result);
  }
 
  // 旋转
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter rotate(ForwardIter first,
                                     ForwardIter middle,
                                     ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter rotate(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                           ForwardIter first,
                           ForwardIter middle,
                           ForwardIter last);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<permutable I, sentinel_for<I> S>
      constexpr subrange<I> rotate(I first, I middle, S last);
    template<forward_range R>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R> rotate(R&& r, iterator_t<R> middle);
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      rotate_copy(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter middle,
                  ForwardIter last, OutputIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    ForwardIter2
      rotate_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter1 first, ForwardIter1 middle,
                  ForwardIter1 last, ForwardIter2 result);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using rotate_copy_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O>
      constexpr rotate_copy_result<I, O>
        rotate_copy(I first, I middle, S last, O result);
    template<forward_range R, weakly_incrementable O>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O>
      constexpr rotate_copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O>
        rotate_copy(R&& r, iterator_t<R> middle, O result);
  }
 
  // 采样
  template<class PopulationIter, class SampleIter,
           class Distance, class UniformRandomBitGenerator>
    SampleIter sample(PopulationIter first, PopulationIter last,
                          SampleIter out, Distance n,
                          UniformRandomBitGenerator&& g);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S,
             weakly_incrementable O, class Gen>
      requires (forward_iterator<I> || random_access_iterator<O>) &&
               indirectly_copyable<I, O> &&
               uniform_random_bit_generator<remove_reference_t<Gen>>
      O sample(I first, S last, O out, iter_difference_t<I> n, Gen&& g);
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O, class Gen>
      requires (forward_range<R> || random_access_iterator<O>) &&
               indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O> &&
               uniform_random_bit_generator<remove_reference_t<Gen>>
      O sample(R&& r, O out, range_difference_t<R> n, Gen&& g);
  }
 
  // 打乱
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class UniformRandomBitGenerator>
    void shuffle(RandomAccessIter first,
                 RandomAccessIter last,
                 UniformRandomBitGenerator&& g);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Gen>
      requires permutable<I> &&
               uniform_random_bit_generator<remove_reference_t<Gen>>
      I shuffle(I first, S last, Gen&& g);
    template<random_access_range R, class Gen>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>> &&
               uniform_random_bit_generator<remove_reference_t<Gen>>
      borrowed_iterator_t<R> shuffle(R&& r, Gen&& g);
  }
 
  // 迁移
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      shift_left(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                 typename iterator_traits<ForwardIter>::difference_type n);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      shift_left(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                 ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                 typename iterator_traits<ForwardIter>::difference_type n);
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      shift_right(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  typename iterator_traits<ForwardIter>::difference_type n);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      shift_right(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  typename iterator_traits<ForwardIter>::difference_type n);
 
  // 排序与相关操作
  // 排序
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr void sort(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr void sort(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                        Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter>
    void sort(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
              RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    void sort(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
              RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
              Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr I
        sort(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        sort(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    void stable_sort(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    void stable_sort(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                     Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter>
    void stable_sort(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    void stable_sort(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                     Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      I stable_sort(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        stable_sort(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr void partial_sort(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter middle,
                                RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr void partial_sort(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter middle,
                                RandomAccessIter last, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter>
    void partial_sort(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                      RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter middle,
                      RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    void partial_sort(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                      RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter middle,
                      RandomAccessIter last, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr I
        partial_sort(I first, I middle, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        partial_sort(R&& r, iterator_t<R> middle, Comp comp = {},
                     Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr RandomAccessIter
      partial_sort_copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                        RandomAccessIter result_first,
                        RandomAccessIter result_last);
  template<class InputIter, class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr RandomAccessIter
      partial_sort_copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                        RandomAccessIter result_first,
                        RandomAccessIter result_last,
                        Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class RandomAccessIter>
    RandomAccessIter
      partial_sort_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                        ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                        RandomAccessIter result_first,
                        RandomAccessIter result_last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class RandomAccessIter,
           class Compare>
    RandomAccessIter
      partial_sort_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                        ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                        RandomAccessIter result_first,
                        RandomAccessIter result_last,
                        Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using partial_sort_copy_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1,
             random_access_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I1, I2> && sortable<I2, Comp, Proj2> &&
               indirect_strict_weak_order<Comp, projected<I1, Proj1>, projected<I2, Proj2>>
      constexpr partial_sort_copy_result<I1, I2>
        partial_sort_copy(I1 first, S1 last, I2 result_first, S2 result_last,
                          Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, random_access_range R2, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>> &&
               sortable<iterator_t<R2>, Comp, Proj2> &&
               indirect_strict_weak_order<Comp, projected<iterator_t<R1>, Proj1>,
                                          projected<iterator_t<R2>, Proj2>>
      constexpr partial_sort_copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, borrowed_iterator_t<R2>>
        partial_sort_copy(R1&& r, R2&& result_r, Comp comp = {},
                          Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr bool is_sorted(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    constexpr bool is_sorted(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                             Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    bool is_sorted(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                   ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    bool is_sorted(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                   ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                   Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr bool is_sorted(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr bool is_sorted(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      is_sorted_until(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      is_sorted_until(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                      Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      is_sorted_until(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                      ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter
      is_sorted_until(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                      ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                      Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr I is_sorted_until(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        is_sorted_until(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 第 N 元素
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr void nth_element(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter nth,
                               RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr void nth_element(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter nth,
                               RandomAccessIter last, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter>
    void nth_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter nth,
                     RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    void nth_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter nth,
                     RandomAccessIter last, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr I
        nth_element(I first, I nth, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        nth_element(R&& r, iterator_t<R> nth, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 二分搜索
  template<class ForwardIter, class T>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      lower_bound(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  const T& value);
  template<class ForwardIter, class T, class Compare>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      lower_bound(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  const T& value, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr I lower_bound(I first, S last, const T& value, Comp comp = {},
                              Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp =
               ranges::less>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        lower_bound(R&& r, const T& value, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class T>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      upper_bound(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  const T& value);
  template<class ForwardIter, class T, class Compare>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      upper_bound(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  const T& value, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr I upper_bound(I first, S last, const T& value, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp =
               ranges::less>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        upper_bound(R&& r, const T& value, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class T>
    constexpr pair<ForwardIter, ForwardIter>
      equal_range(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  const T& value);
  template<class ForwardIter, class T, class Compare>
    constexpr pair<ForwardIter, ForwardIter>
      equal_range(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                  const T& value, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr subrange<I>
        equal_range(I first, S last, const T& value, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp =
               ranges::less>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R>
        equal_range(R&& r, const T& value, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class T>
    constexpr bool
      binary_search(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                    const T& value);
  template<class ForwardIter, class T, class Compare>
    constexpr bool
      binary_search(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                    const T& value, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr bool binary_search(I first, S last, const T& value, Comp comp = {},
                                   Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<const T*, projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp =
               ranges::less>
      constexpr bool binary_search(R&& r, const T& value, Comp comp = {},
                                   Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 划分
  template<class InputIter, class Pred>
    constexpr bool is_partitioned(InputIter first, InputIter last, Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    bool is_partitioned(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                        ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool is_partitioned(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr bool is_partitioned(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    constexpr ForwardIter partition(ForwardIter first,
                                        ForwardIter last,
                                        Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    ForwardIter partition(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                              ForwardIter first,
                              ForwardIter last,
                              Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<permutable I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr subrange<I>
        partition(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>>
      constexpr borrowed_subrange_t<R>
        partition(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class BidirectionalIter, class Pred>
    BidirectionalIter stable_partition(BidirectionalIter first,
                                           BidirectionalIter last,
                                           Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class BidirectionalIter, class Pred>
    BidirectionalIter stable_partition(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                           BidirectionalIter first,
                                           BidirectionalIter last,
                                           Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<bidirectional_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      requires permutable<I>
      subrange<I> stable_partition(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<bidirectional_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires permutable<iterator_t<R>>
      borrowed_subrange_t<R> stable_partition(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter, class OutputIter1,
           class OutputIter2, class Pred>
    constexpr pair<OutputIter1, OutputIter2>
      partition_copy(InputIter first, InputIter last,
                     OutputIter1 out_true, OutputIter2 out_false,
                     Pred pred);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class ForwardIter1,
           class ForwardIter2, class Pred>
    pair<ForwardIter1, ForwardIter2>
      partition_copy(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                     ForwardIter1 out_true, ForwardIter2 out_false,
                     Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O1, class O2>
      using partition_copy_result = in_out_out_result<I, O1, O2>;
 
    template<input_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S,
             weakly_incrementable O1, weakly_incrementable O2,
             class Proj = identity, indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<I, O1> && indirectly_copyable<I, O2>
      constexpr partition_copy_result<I, O1, O2>
        partition_copy(I first, S last, O1 out_true, O2 out_false, Pred pred,
                       Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, weakly_incrementable O1, weakly_incrementable O2,
             class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      requires indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O1> &&
               indirectly_copyable<iterator_t<R>, O2>
      constexpr partition_copy_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>, O1, O2>
        partition_copy(R&& r, O1 out_true, O2 out_false, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter, class Pred>
    constexpr ForwardIter
      partition_point(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                      Pred pred);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<I, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr I partition_point(I first, S last, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_unary_predicate<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Pred>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        partition_point(R&& r, Pred pred, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 归并
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      merge(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
            InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
            OutputIter result);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter,
           class Compare>
    constexpr OutputIter
      merge(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
            InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
            OutputIter result, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      merge(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
            ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
            ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
            ForwardIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter
      merge(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
            ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
            ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
            ForwardIter result, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2, class O>
      using merge_result = in_in_out_result<I1, I2, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             weakly_incrementable O, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = identity,
             class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<I1, I2, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr merge_result<I1, I2, O>
        merge(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, O result,
              Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, weakly_incrementable O, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr merge_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, borrowed_iterator_t<R2>, O>
        merge(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, O result,
              Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  template<class BidirectionalIter>
    void inplace_merge(BidirectionalIter first,
                       BidirectionalIter middle,
                       BidirectionalIter last);
  template<class BidirectionalIter, class Compare>
    void inplace_merge(BidirectionalIter first,
                       BidirectionalIter middle,
                       BidirectionalIter last, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class BidirectionalIter>
    void inplace_merge(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                       BidirectionalIter first,
                       BidirectionalIter middle,
                       BidirectionalIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class BidirectionalIter, class Compare>
    void inplace_merge(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                       BidirectionalIter first,
                       BidirectionalIter middle,
                       BidirectionalIter last, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<bidirectional_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      I inplace_merge(I first, I middle, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<bidirectional_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        inplace_merge(R&& r, iterator_t<R> middle, Comp comp = {},
                      Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 集合操作
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2>
    constexpr bool includes(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                            InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class Compare>
    constexpr bool includes(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                            InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                            Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    bool includes(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                  ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class Compare>
    bool includes(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                  ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                  ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                  Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I1, Proj1>, projected<I2, Proj2>> Comp =
               ranges::less>
      constexpr bool includes(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, Comp comp = {},
                              Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, class Proj1 = identity,
             class Proj2 = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R1>, Proj1>,
                                        projected<iterator_t<R2>, Proj2>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr bool includes(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Comp comp = {},
                              Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      set_union(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                OutputIter result);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter, class Compare>
    constexpr OutputIter
                set_union(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                OutputIter result, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      set_union(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                ForwardIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter
      set_union(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                ForwardIter result, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2, class O>
      using set_union_result = in_in_out_result<I1, I2, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             weakly_incrementable O, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<I1, I2, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_union_result<I1, I2, O>
        set_union(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, O result, Comp comp = {},
                  Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, weakly_incrementable O,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_union_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, borrowed_iterator_t<R2>, O>
        set_union(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, O result, Comp comp = {},
                  Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      set_intersection(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                       InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                       OutputIter result);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter, class Compare>
    constexpr OutputIter
      set_intersection(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                       InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                       OutputIter result, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      set_intersection(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                       ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                       ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                       ForwardIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter
      set_intersection(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                       ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                       ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                       ForwardIter result, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2, class O>
      using set_intersection_result = in_in_out_result<I1, I2, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             weakly_incrementable O, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<I1, I2, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_intersection_result<I1, I2, O>
        set_intersection(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, O result,
                         Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, weakly_incrementable O,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_intersection_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, borrowed_iterator_t<R2>, O>
        set_intersection(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, O result,
                         Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      set_difference(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                     InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                     OutputIter result);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter, class Compare>
    constexpr OutputIter
      set_difference(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                     InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                     OutputIter result, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      set_difference(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                     ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                     ForwardIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter
      set_difference(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                     ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                     ForwardIter result, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I, class O>
      using set_difference_result = in_out_result<I, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             weakly_incrementable O, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<I1, I2, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_difference_result<I1, O>
        set_difference(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, O result,
                       Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, weakly_incrementable O,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_difference_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>, O>
        set_difference(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, O result,
                       Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter>
    constexpr OutputIter
      set_symmetric_difference(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                               InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                               OutputIter result);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class OutputIter, class Compare>
    constexpr OutputIter
      set_symmetric_difference(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                               InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                               OutputIter result, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter
      set_symmetric_difference(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                               ForwardIter result);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter
      set_symmetric_difference(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                               ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                               ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                               ForwardIter result, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I1, class I2, class O>
      using set_symmetric_difference_result = in_in_out_result<I1, I2, O>;
 
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             weakly_incrementable O, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<I1, I2, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_symmetric_difference_result<I1, I2, O>
        set_symmetric_difference(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2, O result,
                                 Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {},
                                 Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, weakly_incrementable O,
             class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity>
      requires mergeable<iterator_t<R1>, iterator_t<R2>, O, Comp, Proj1, Proj2>
      constexpr set_symmetric_difference_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R1>,
                                                borrowed_iterator_t<R2>, O>
        set_symmetric_difference(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, O result, Comp comp = {},
                                 Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 堆操作
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr void push_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr void push_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                             Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr I
        push_heap(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        push_heap(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr void pop_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr void pop_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                            Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr I
        pop_heap(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        pop_heap(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr void make_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr void make_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                             Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr I
        make_heap(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        make_heap(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr void sort_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr void sort_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                             Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr I
        sort_heap(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Comp = ranges::less, class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        sort_heap(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr bool is_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr bool is_heap(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                           Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter>
    bool is_heap(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                 RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    bool is_heap(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                 RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                 Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr bool is_heap(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr bool is_heap(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class RandomAccessIter>
    constexpr RandomAccessIter
      is_heap_until(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    constexpr RandomAccessIter
      is_heap_until(RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                    Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter>
    RandomAccessIter
      is_heap_until(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                    RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class RandomAccessIter, class Compare>
    RandomAccessIter
      is_heap_until(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                    RandomAccessIter first, RandomAccessIter last,
                    Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<random_access_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr I is_heap_until(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<random_access_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        is_heap_until(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 最小与最大
  template<class T> constexpr const T& min(const T& a, const T& b);
  template<class T, class Compare>
    constexpr const T& min(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);
  template<class T>
    constexpr T min(initializer_list<T> t);
  template<class T, class Compare>
    constexpr T min(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<const T*, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr const T& min(const T& a, const T& b, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<copyable T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<const T*, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr T min(initializer_list<T> r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      requires indirectly_copyable_storable<iterator_t<R>, range_value_t<R>*>
      constexpr range_value_t<R>
        min(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class T> constexpr const T& max(const T& a, const T& b);
  template<class T, class Compare>
    constexpr const T& max(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);
  template<class T>
    constexpr T max(initializer_list<T> t);
  template<class T, class Compare>
    constexpr T max(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<const T*, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr const T& max(const T& a, const T& b, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<copyable T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<const T*, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr T max(initializer_list<T> r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      requires indirectly_copyable_storable<iterator_t<R>, range_value_t<R>*>
      constexpr range_value_t<R>
        max(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class T> constexpr pair<const T&, const T&> minmax(const T& a, const T& b);
  template<class T, class Compare>
    constexpr pair<const T&, const T&> minmax(const T& a, const T& b, Compare comp);
  template<class T>
    constexpr pair<T, T> minmax(initializer_list<T> t);
  template<class T, class Compare>
    constexpr pair<T, T> minmax(initializer_list<T> t, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class T>
      using minmax_result = min_max_result<T>;
 
    template<class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<const T*, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr minmax_result<const T&>
        minmax(const T& a, const T& b, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<copyable T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<const T*, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr minmax_result<T>
        minmax(initializer_list<T> r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<input_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      requires indirectly_copyable_storable<iterator_t<R>, range_value_t<R>*>
      constexpr minmax_result<range_value_t<R>>
        minmax(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter min_element(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    constexpr ForwardIter min_element(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                          Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter min_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter min_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr I min_element(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        min_element(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr ForwardIter max_element(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    constexpr ForwardIter max_element(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                          Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    ForwardIter max_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    ForwardIter max_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                                ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last,
                                Compare comp);
 
 namespace ranges {
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr I max_element(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr borrowed_iterator_t<R>
        max_element(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class ForwardIter>
    constexpr pair<ForwardIter, ForwardIter>
      minmax_element(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    constexpr pair<ForwardIter, ForwardIter>
      minmax_element(ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter>
    pair<ForwardIter, ForwardIter>
      minmax_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter, class Compare>
    pair<ForwardIter, ForwardIter>
      minmax_element(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                     ForwardIter first, ForwardIter last, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I>
      using minmax_element_result = min_max_result<I>;
 
    template<forward_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr minmax_element_result<I>
        minmax_element(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<forward_range R, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R>, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr minmax_element_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>>
        minmax_element(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 有界值
  template<class T>
    constexpr const T& clamp(const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi);
  template<class T, class Compare>
    constexpr const T& clamp(const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class T, class Proj = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<const T*, Proj>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr const T&
        clamp(const T& v, const T& lo, const T& hi, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  // 字典序比较
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2>
    constexpr bool
      lexicographical_compare(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                              InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2);
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class Compare>
    constexpr bool
      lexicographical_compare(InputIter1 first1, InputIter1 last1,
                              InputIter2 first2, InputIter2 last2,
                              Compare comp);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2>
    bool
      lexicographical_compare(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                              ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                              ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2);
  template<class ExecutionPolicy, class ForwardIter1, class ForwardIter2,
           class Compare>
    bool
      lexicographical_compare(ExecutionPolicy&& exec,
                              ForwardIter1 first1, ForwardIter1 last1,
                              ForwardIter2 first2, ForwardIter2 last2,
                              Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<input_iterator I1, sentinel_for<I1> S1, input_iterator I2, sentinel_for<I2> S2,
             class Proj1 = identity, class Proj2 = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<I1, Proj1>, projected<I2, Proj2>> Comp =
               ranges::less>
      constexpr bool
        lexicographical_compare(I1 first1, S1 last1, I2 first2, S2 last2,
                                Comp comp = {}, Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
    template<input_range R1, input_range R2, class Proj1 = identity,
             class Proj2 = identity,
             indirect_strict_weak_order<projected<iterator_t<R1>, Proj1>,
                                        projected<iterator_t<R2>, Proj2>> Comp = ranges::less>
      constexpr bool
        lexicographical_compare(R1&& r1, R2&& r2, Comp comp = {},
                                Proj1 proj1 = {}, Proj2 proj2 = {});
  }
 
  // 三路比较算法
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2, class Cmp>
    constexpr auto
      lexicographical_compare_three_way(InputIter1 b1, InputIter1 e1,
                                        InputIter2 b2, InputIter2 e2,
                                        Cmp comp)
        -> decltype(comp(*b1, *b2));
  template<class InputIter1, class InputIter2>
    constexpr auto
      lexicographical_compare_three_way(InputIter1 b1, InputIter1 e1,
                                        InputIter2 b2, InputIter2 e2);
 
  // 排列
  template<class BidirectionalIter>
    constexpr bool next_permutation(BidirectionalIter first,
                                    BidirectionalIter last);
  template<class BidirectionalIter, class Compare>
    constexpr bool next_permutation(BidirectionalIter first,
                                    BidirectionalIter last, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I>
      using next_permutation_result = in_found_result<I>;
 
    template<bidirectional_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr next_permutation_result<I>
        next_permutation(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<bidirectional_range R, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr next_permutation_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>>
        next_permutation(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
 
  template<class BidirectionalIter>
    constexpr bool prev_permutation(BidirectionalIter first,
                                    BidirectionalIter last);
  template<class BidirectionalIter, class Compare>
    constexpr bool prev_permutation(BidirectionalIter first,
                                    BidirectionalIter last, Compare comp);
 
  namespace ranges {
    template<class I>
      using prev_permutation_result = in_found_result<I>;
 
    template<bidirectional_iterator I, sentinel_for<I> S, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<I, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr prev_permutation_result<I>
        prev_permutation(I first, S last, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
    template<bidirectional_range R, class Comp = ranges::less,
             class Proj = identity>
      requires sortable<iterator_t<R>, Comp, Proj>
      constexpr prev_permutation_result<borrowed_iterator_t<R>>
        prev_permutation(R&& r, Comp comp = {}, Proj proj = {});
  }
}

类模板 std::ranges::in_fun_result

namespace std::ranges {
  template<class I, class F>
  struct in_fun_result {
    [[no_unique_address]] I in;
    [[no_unique_address]] F fun;
 
    template<class I2, class F2>
      requires convertible_to<const I&, I2> && convertible_to<const F&, F2>
    constexpr operator in_fun_result<I2, F2>() const & {
      return {in, fun};
    }
 
    template<class I2, class F2>
      requires convertible_to<I, I2> && convertible_to<F, F2>
    constexpr operator in_fun_result<I2, F2>() && {
      return {std::move(in), std::move(fun)};
    }
  };
}

类模板 std::ranges::in_in_result

namespace std::ranges {
  template<class I1, class I2>
  struct in_in_result {
    [[no_unique_address]] I1 in1;
    [[no_unique_address]] I2 in2;
 
    template<class II1, class II2>
      requires convertible_to<const I1&, II1> && convertible_to<const I2&, II2>
    constexpr operator in_in_result<II1, II2>() const & {
      return {in1, in2};
    }
 
    template<class II1, class II2>
      requires convertible_to<I1, II1> && convertible_to<I2, II2>
    constexpr operator in_in_result<II1, II2>() && {
      return {std::move(in1), std::move(in2)};
    }
  };
}

类模板 std::ranges::in_out_result

namespace std::ranges {
  template<class I, class O>
  struct in_out_result {
    [[no_unique_address]] I in;
    [[no_unique_address]] O out;
 
    template<class I2, class O2>
      requires convertible_to<const I&, I2> && convertible_to<const O&, O2>
    constexpr operator in_out_result<I2, O2>() const & {
      return {in, out};
    }
 
    template<class I2, class O2>
      requires convertible_to<I, I2> && convertible_to<O, O2>
    constexpr operator in_out_result<I2, O2>() && {
      return {std::move(in), std::move(out)};
    }
  };
}

类模板 std::ranges::in_in_out_result

namespace std::ranges {
  template<class I1, class I2, class O>
  struct in_in_out_result {
    [[no_unique_address]] I1 in1;
    [[no_unique_address]] I2 in2;
    [[no_unique_address]] O  out;
 
    template<class II1, class II2, class OO>
      requires convertible_to<const I1&, II1> &&
               convertible_to<const I2&, II2> &&
               convertible_to<const O&, OO>
    constexpr operator in_in_out_result<II1, II2, OO>() const & {
      return {in1, in2, out};
    }
 
    template<class II1, class II2, class OO>
      requires convertible_to<I1, II1> &&
               convertible_to<I2, II2> &&
               convertible_to<O, OO>
    constexpr operator in_in_out_result<II1, II2, OO>() && {
      return {std::move(in1), std::move(in2), std::move(out)};
    }
  };
}

类模板 std::ranges::in_out_out_result

namespace std::ranges {
  template<class I, class O1, class O2>
  struct in_out_out_result {
    [[no_unique_address]] I  in;
    [[no_unique_address]] O1 out1;
    [[no_unique_address]] O2 out2;
 
    template<class II, class OO1, class OO2>
      requires convertible_to<const I&, II> &&
               convertible_to<const O1&, OO1> &&
               convertible_to<const O2&, OO2>
    constexpr operator in_out_out_result<II, OO1, OO2>() const & {
      return {in, out1, out2};
    }
 
    template<class II, class OO1, class OO2>
      requires convertible_to<I, II> &&
               convertible_to<O1, OO1> &&
               convertible_to<O2, OO2>
    constexpr operator in_out_out_result<II, OO1, OO2>() && {
      return {std::move(in), std::move(out1), std::move(out2)};
    }
  };
}

类模板 std::ranges::min_max_result

namespace std::ranges {
  template<class T>
  struct min_max_result {
    [[no_unique_address]] T min;
    [[no_unique_address]] T max;
 
    template<class T2>
      requires convertible_to<const T&, T2>
    constexpr operator min_max_result<T2>() const & {
      return {min, max};
    }
 
    template<class T2>
      requires convertible_to<T, T2>
    constexpr operator min_max_result<T2>() && {
      return {std::move(min), std::move(max)};
    }
  };
}

类模板 std::ranges::in_found_result

namespace std::ranges {
  template<class I>
  struct in_found_result {
    [[no_unique_address]] I in;
    bool found;
 
    template<class I2>
      requires convertible_to<const I&, I2>
    constexpr operator in_found_result<I2>() const & {
      return {in, found};
    }
    template<class I2>
      requires convertible_to<I, I2>
    constexpr operator in_found_result<I2>() && {
      return {std::move(in), found};
    }
  };
}

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技术规范

标准库头文件 <algorithm>

包含

类

返回类型

函数

不修改序列的操作

修改序列的操作

划分操作

排序操作

（已排序范围上的）二分搜索操作

其他已排序范围上的操作

（已排序范围上的）集合操作

堆操作

最小/最大操作

比较操作

排列操作

仿函数实体

不修改序列的操作

修改序列的操作

划分操作

排序操作

（已排序范围上的）集合操作

其他已排序范围上的操作

（已排序范围上的）集合操作

堆操作

最小/最大操作

比较操作

排列操作

概要

类模板 std::ranges::in_fun_result

类模板 std::ranges::in_in_result

类模板 std::ranges::in_out_result

类模板 std::ranges::in_in_out_result

类模板 std::ranges::in_out_out_result

类模板 std::ranges::min_max_result

类模板 std::ranges::in_found_result

导航